They do not break anything; they just contribute nothing. Parsers extract selectable text, so anything said only in an image, skill meters, icons, charts, is invisible to the extraction and absent from your searchable record. The risk is information loss, not rejection.
The sneaky failure is the skill that exists only as a graphic. If a proficiency appears as a row of dots with no accompanying word, the parse contains no evidence the skill exists, and no keyword search for it will ever return you.
Keep decoration if the human version of your resume needs it, but state every fact in text somewhere. A headshot deserves separate caution: plenty of employers prefer resumes without photos to keep screening neutral, so the safer default in most markets is leaving it off.
“Four dots out of five is not a skill level, it is a picture the database cannot see.”
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